From 26452e38a2cf2f9426da4f78459e8ac72fa60079 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: paul <paulvanall@charter.net>
Date: Sun, 20 Jun 2021 10:51:00 -0400
Subject: [PATCH] README updates

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diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
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--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ Instructions and scripts to build LFS (Linux From Scratch), version 10.1, as sim
 
 First, this guide does not replace reading the whole LFS book. I highly recommend that you read it at least once. Only then you should use the automation scripts provided here.
 
-This build will be accomplished inside a virtual machine. I'll be using Oracle VirtualBox, but you can use the tool of your personal preference. I'm running an Arch Linux VM, feel free to use your GNU/Linux distribution of choice. Just be sure to install the development tools available (base-devel package on Arch).
+This build will be accomplished inside a Fedora release 34 machine.
 
 My VM has two virtual hard disks: one for the host (Arch Linux itself) and another for building LFS. You could also use a single hard disk with two partitions, that's also up to personal taste. I've decided to use two separate hard disks so I can completely isolate LFS from the host after the build. At the end, you'll be able to create a separate VM and boot from it directly.
 
diff --git a/README.md~ b/README.md~
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@@ -0,0 +1,269 @@
+# lfs-scripts :penguin:
+Instructions and scripts to build LFS (Linux From Scratch), version 10.1, as simply as possible (I know, not that simple, but anyway).
+
+# Foreword
+
+First, this guide does not replace reading the whole LFS book. I highly recommend that you read it at least once. Only then you should use the automation scripts provided here.
+
+This build will be accomplished inside a virtual machine. I'll be using Oracle VirtualBox, but you can use the tool of your personal preference. I'm running an Arch Linux VM, feel free to use your GNU/Linux distribution of choice. Just be sure to install the development tools available (base-devel package on Arch).
+
+My VM has two virtual hard disks: one for the host (Arch Linux itself) and another for building LFS. You could also use a single hard disk with two partitions, that's also up to personal taste. I've decided to use two separate hard disks so I can completely isolate LFS from the host after the build. At the end, you'll be able to create a separate VM and boot from it directly.
+
+The packages needed to build LFS were downloaded from [here](http://ftp.lfs-matrix.net/pub/lfs/lfs-packages/lfs-packages-10.0.tar) (423 MB), other mirrors are available [here](http://linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/download.html) (look for the "LFS HTTP/FTP Sites" section at the bottom, the file you need is lfs-packages-10.0.tar).
+
+# Build instructions
+
+:point_right: Run commands below as root.
+
+Create a partition and a filesystem in the virtual hard disk (/dev/sdb):
+
+```
+fdisk /dev/sdb
+```
+
+Use the following basic options: n- new partition, accept the default values, w- write changes
+
+Create a filesystem, a mount point, and mount it:
+
+```
+mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb1
+mkdir /mnt/lfs
+mount /dev/sdb1 /mnt/lfs
+```
+
+Add the following line to root's .bashrc:
+
+```
+export LFS=/mnt/lfs
+```
+
+Source the file:
+
+```
+source .bashrc
+```
+
+Download all the packages and extract them to $LFS/sources. The tcl package must be renamed in order to work with the scripts that will follow.
+
+```
+cd $LFS
+cp /<location_of_the_package>/lfs-packages-10.0.tar .
+tar xf lfs-packages-10.0.tar
+mv 10.0 sources
+chmod -v a+wt $LFS/sources
+mv $LFS/sources/tcl8.6.10-src.tar.gz $LFS/sources/tcl8.6.10.tar.gz
+```
+
+Copy all the shell scripts from this repository to your $LFS directory:
+
+```
+cp /<location_of_the_scripts>/*.sh $LFS
+```
+
+Create the basic filesystem for LFS:
+
+```
+mkdir -pv $LFS/{bin,etc,lib,sbin,usr,var,lib64,tools}
+```
+
+Create the lfs user, used during the initial build process (you will have to type a password):
+
+```
+groupadd lfs
+useradd -s /bin/bash -g lfs -m -k /dev/null lfs
+passwd lfs
+```
+
+Make lfs own the entire filesystem:
+
+```
+chown -R lfs:lfs $LFS/*
+chown lfs:lfs $LFS
+```
+
+Login as the lfs user:
+
+```
+su - lfs
+```
+
+:point_right: Run commands below as lfs.
+
+Create a .bash_profile file:
+
+```
+cat > ~/.bash_profile << "EOF"
+exec env -i HOME=$HOME TERM=$TERM PS1='\u:\w\$ ' /bin/bash
+EOF
+```
+
+Create a .bashrc file:
+
+```
+cat > ~/.bashrc << "EOF"
+set +h
+umask 022
+LFS=/mnt/lfs
+LC_ALL=POSIX
+LFS_TGT=$(uname -m)-lfs-linux-gnu
+PATH=/usr/bin
+if [ ! -L /bin ]; then PATH=/bin:$PATH; fi
+PATH=$LFS/tools/bin:$PATH
+export LFS LC_ALL LFS_TGT PATH
+EOF
+
+source ~/.bashrc
+```
+
+Run the lfs-cross.sh script, which will build the cross-toolchain and cross compiling temporary tools from chapters 5 and 6:
+
+``` 
+sh $LFS/lfs-cross.sh | tee $LFS/lfs-cross.log
+```
+
+Return to being root:
+
+```
+exit
+```
+
+:point_right: Run commands below as root.
+
+Make root own the entire filesystem again:
+
+```
+chown -R root:root $LFS/*
+chown root:root $LFS
+```
+
+Prepare virtual kernel file systems:
+
+```
+mkdir -pv $LFS/{dev,proc,sys,run}
+mknod -m 600 $LFS/dev/console c 5 1
+mknod -m 666 $LFS/dev/null c 1 3
+mount -v --bind /dev $LFS/dev
+mount -v --bind /dev/pts $LFS/dev/pts
+mount -vt proc proc $LFS/proc
+mount -vt sysfs sysfs $LFS/sys
+mount -vt tmpfs tmpfs $LFS/run
+if [ -h $LFS/dev/shm ]; then
+  mkdir -pv $LFS/$(readlink $LFS/dev/shm)
+fi
+```
+
+Enter the chroot environment:
+
+```
+chroot "$LFS" /usr/bin/env -i   \
+    HOME=/root                  \
+    TERM="$TERM"                \
+    PS1='(lfs chroot) \u:\w\$ ' \
+    PATH=/bin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/usr/sbin \
+    /bin/bash --login +h
+```
+
+Create essential directories, files and symlinks:
+
+```
+mkdir -pv /{boot,home,mnt,opt,srv}
+mkdir -pv /etc/{opt,sysconfig}
+mkdir -pv /lib/firmware
+mkdir -pv /media/{floppy,cdrom}
+mkdir -pv /usr/{,local/}{bin,include,lib,sbin,src}
+mkdir -pv /usr/{,local/}share/{color,dict,doc,info,locale,man}
+mkdir -pv /usr/{,local/}share/{misc,terminfo,zoneinfo}
+mkdir -pv /usr/{,local/}share/man/man{1..8}
+mkdir -pv /var/{cache,local,log,mail,opt,spool}
+mkdir -pv /var/lib/{color,misc,locate}
+ln -sfv /run /var/run
+ln -sfv /run/lock /var/lock
+install -dv -m 0750 /root
+install -dv -m 1777 /tmp /var/tmp
+ln -sv /proc/self/mounts /etc/mtab
+echo "127.0.0.1 localhost $(hostname)" > /etc/hosts
+cat > /etc/passwd << "EOF"
+root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash
+bin:x:1:1:bin:/dev/null:/bin/false
+daemon:x:6:6:Daemon User:/dev/null:/bin/false
+messagebus:x:18:18:D-Bus Message Daemon User:/var/run/dbus:/bin/false
+nobody:x:99:99:Unprivileged User:/dev/null:/bin/false
+EOF
+cat > /etc/group << "EOF"
+root:x:0:
+bin:x:1:daemon
+sys:x:2:
+kmem:x:3:
+tape:x:4:
+tty:x:5:
+daemon:x:6:
+floppy:x:7:
+disk:x:8:
+lp:x:9:
+dialout:x:10:
+audio:x:11:
+video:x:12:
+utmp:x:13:
+usb:x:14:
+cdrom:x:15:
+adm:x:16:
+messagebus:x:18:
+input:x:24:
+mail:x:34:
+kvm:x:61:
+wheel:x:97:
+nogroup:x:99:
+users:x:999:
+EOF
+touch /var/log/{btmp,lastlog,faillog,wtmp}
+chgrp -v utmp /var/log/lastlog
+chmod -v 664  /var/log/lastlog
+chmod -v 600  /var/log/btmp
+exec /bin/bash --login +h
+```
+
+Run the lfs-chroot.sh script, which will build additional temporary tools:
+
+``` 
+sh /lfs-chroot.sh | tee /lfs-chroot.log
+```
+
+Cleanup before the final build phase:
+
+```
+find /usr/{lib,libexec} -name \*.la -delete
+rm -rf /usr/share/{info,man,doc}/*
+```
+
+For the final build phase, run the lfs-system.sh script:
+
+``` 
+sh /lfs-system.sh | tee /lfs-system.log
+```
+
+You must now set a password for the root user (you will have to type a password):
+
+```
+passwd root
+```
+
+Logout from the chroot environment and re-enter it with updated configuration:
+
+```
+logout
+chroot "$LFS" /usr/bin/env -i          \
+    HOME=/root TERM="$TERM"            \
+    PS1='(lfs chroot) \u:\w\$ '        \
+    PATH=/bin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/usr/sbin \
+    /bin/bash --login
+```
+
+Run the final script to configure the rest of the system:
+
+```
+sh /lfs-final.sh | tee /lfs-final.log
+```
+
+# The end
+
+You can now create a new VM using the virtual hard disk with the LFS build. It will be bootable and fully functional. Enjoy!